利用地月间空间站的载人登月飞行模式分析

Analysis on Human Lunar Exploration Flight Modes via Cislunar Space Station

为提高空间站利用率,降低载人登月任务成本,有效开发地月空间,研究了基于地月空间不同轨道空间站的载人登月飞行模式。首先对比直接往返登月飞行模式,对基于空间站的载人登月飞行模式进行任务分析,通过空间站将载人登月任务解耦为载人天地往返任务和登月任务两部分;其次通过轨道设计和稳定性分析提出考虑登月任务需求的地月间空间站可运行轨道和停泊点;最后建立一套飞行模式评价模型,从速度增量需求、飞行时间、空间环境、登月任务窗口、测控条件、交会对接技术难度、后续任务支持性和任务可靠性方面对6种不同位置空间站的登月飞行模式进行分析和定量评价。评价结果表明基于L2点Halo轨道空间站的载人登月飞行模式为更优飞行模式。

To improve the utilization factor of a space station,lower the cost of a human lunar exploration mission,and develop the cislunar space,human lunar exploration flight modes based on a space station on different orbits in the cislunar space are studied in this paper. Firstly,the mission profile of a human lunar exploration flight mode based on a space station is analyzed by comparing with the direct round-trip lunar flight mode,and the human lunar exploration mission can be decoupled into the human space transportation mission and the lunar landing mission by the space station. Then taking the requirement of the lunar landing mission into consideration,the feasible orbits and parking points of the space station in the cislunar space are proposed via orbit design and stability analysis. Finally,a flight mode evaluation model is established to analyze and evaluate quantitatively the advantages and disadvantages of the lunar flight modes based on the space station in six different positions according to the velocity increments,flight times,space environments,lunar landing windows,conditions of measurement and control,technical difficulties of rendezvous and docking,successor mission supportability,and mission reliability. The evaluation results show that the flight mode based on the halo orbit space station near L2 point is the optimal flight mode.