火花放电原子发射光谱仪快速测定合金饰品中镉元素方法研究

The Research of Fast Determination of Cadmium in Alloy Jewelry with Spark Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometry

镉是一种毒性较强的重金属元素,过量的镉元素会伤害人体、污染环境。采用火花源原子发射光谱法快速测定铜合金及铝合金饰品中镉的质量分数,采用单因素法筛选出最佳测试条件(铜合金冲洗时间为3 s、预燃时间为25 s、曝光时间为4 s;铝合金冲洗时间为3 s、预燃时间为11 s、曝光时间为4 s)。实验结果表明该法的精密度和准确度均符合相关标准要求。随机抽取合金饰品产品对测试结果进行风险评估,发现部分样品含镉元素,最高质量分数为0.004 5%(标准限值为0.01%),来源主要是原材料及电镀工艺,属可控因素。

Cadmium is a highly toxic heavy metal element, and excessive cadmium can injure the human body and pollute the environment. This article used spark discharge atomic emission spectrometry for fast determination of cadmium in copper alloy and aluminum alloy jewelry, the optimal test conditions were screened by single factor method（the copper alloy rinsing time was 3 s, the pre-burning time was 25 s, the exposure time was 4 s; the aluminum alloy rinsing time was3 s, the pre-burning time was 11 s, the exposure time was 4 s）. The results showed that both the accuracy and the precision of the method fitted the relevant standards. Several alloy jewelry products were randomly selected from relevant companies, and the relevant risk assessment of test results were carried out. The test showed that there was cadmium in the extracted alloy jewelry, up high to 0.004 5%（the limit value in standard is 0.1%）. Cadmium mainly comes from raw materials or electroplating process, which are controllable factors.