论衡阳湘剧与长沙湘剧的关系——兼谈地方戏曲剧种的界定问题

On Relationship between Hengyang Xiang Opera and Changsha Xiang Opera——On definition of local type of drama

衡阳湘剧与长沙湘剧在流行区域、演唱语言、剧目、表演艺术等方面存在差异。但二者更具有诸多相同的属性与特征:传统剧目具有相同的特点;在声腔音乐上都有昆腔、高腔与弹腔,且艺术渊源大体相同;表演程式与艺术风格也大体相同;角色分行大体相同;表演语言长沙官话与衡阳方言同属新湘语的长益片方言。因此,将二者划分为两种独立的大剧种显得名实不符。在中国戏剧曲剧种划分问题上也存在类似情况。要建构科学的戏曲理论体系,必须进一步研究各剧种的特点,厘清各地关系密切戏曲的区别与联系,对地方戏曲剧种作出正确的界定。

There are differences of Hengyang Xiang Opera and Changsha Xiang Opera in popular area,singing language,repertoire and performing arts.But they have many of the same attributes and characteristics.Booth have the same characteristics.There are Kun,Gaoqiang and shells in the music,and the artistic origins are basically the same;the performance program and the artistic style are the same;the character branches are roughly the same;the language of the Changsha Mandarin and Hengyang dialect belong to the Chang Yi dialect of the new Xiang language.As a result,dividing the two into two independent operas appears to be inconsistent.There are similar cases in the Quju opera of Chinese drama.In order to construct the scientific theory system of opera research,we must further study the characteristics of each drama,clarify the differences and relations of the close traditional opera,and make a correct definition of local opera drama.