特殊结构高压U形管热交换器管板计算

Tubesheet Calculation of High Pressure U-tube Heat Exchanger with Special Structure

对管箱为半球壳结构的特殊高压U形管热交换器管板的受力进行简化,假设管板边缘全部承受边缘弯矩,将管板简化为承受均布载荷、受管孔开孔削弱的平盖结构,选取合适的计算参数进行平盖中心最大应力计算,得到的结果与半球壳支撑平盖结构有限元分析结果相差小于5%,检验了简化方法的准确性。考虑管板开孔强度削弱系数后,管板中心最大应力计算结果与有限元分析结果相差很大,主要是管板开孔强度削弱系数μ统一取0.4所致,取强度削弱系数μ=0.4计算的管板厚度结果偏保守,在工程上是适用的。

The tubesheet stress load of a special high-pressure U-tube heat exchanger characterized with a channel of hemispherical shell structure is simplified.Assuming that the edge of the tubesheet is all subjected to the edge bending moment,the tubesheet is simplified to bear the uniform load and the opening of the tube hole is weakened.The calculated difference between the calculation results and that of the finite element analysis of the support structure of the hemispherical shell are within 5%,which tested the accuracy of the simplified method.Considering the weakening coefficient of the tubesheet opening strength,the calculation result of the maximum stress of the tubesheet center differs greatly from that of the finite element analysis,mainly because the weakening coefficientμof the open-hole strength of the tubesheet is 0.4,the calculated results of tubesheet thickness are conservative,but it is applicable in engineering.