铝胁迫下不同耐性的小黑麦及其异源亲本活性氧代谢研究

Effect of Aluminum on Reactive Oxygen Species in Triticale and Their Heterogeneous Parents Differing in Aluminum Tolerance

[目的]将耐铝的黑麦(389和390)与不耐铝的四倍体小麦(5020)远源杂交获得耐铝的小黑麦(5020×389和5020×390),比较铝胁迫下小黑麦及其异源亲本活性氧代谢。[方法]通过水培及Al胁迫处理,检测不同处理时间小黑麦及其亲本的膜稳定性、活性氧含量及代谢。[结果]Al Cl3处理后5020、5020×389和5020×390的MDA含量与质膜透性显著增加,铝处理2和12 d,与无铝处理相比增幅为57.7%、11.1%、10.8%和22.8%、17.4%、2.2%。Al促进5020、5020×389和5020×390活性氧含量的显著提高,铝处理2 d时,H2O2含量分别增加了63.2%、47.1%、37%,O2-产生速率分别增加了63.2%、41.1%、37%,且在铝处理12 d时,只有5020活性氧显著增加。5020、5020×389和5020×390的SOD活性在铝处理2和12 d时分别增加了74.5%、63.2%、61.7%和45.1%、31.4%、20.1%。Al处理12 d时,与对照相比5020除了CAT外APX、GPX、GR活性均减小显著减小了74.1%、69%、18%;5020×389和5020×390叶中APX、GPX、GR活性增加显著分别增加了3.56倍、9.54倍与2.96倍、1.22倍与2.4倍、5.74倍。5020、5020×389和5020×390的GSH含量和GSSH含量均在铝处理12 d显著增加分别增加了54.0%、118.2%和25.3%、18.0%和22.0%、12.3%。[结论]小黑麦5020×389和5020×390表现为耐铝,且耐铝性5020×390稍强于5020×389。同时,研究表明不同耐铝品种间叶中APX、GPX和GR活性差异是小黑麦及其异源亲本耐铝性差异显著的原因之一。APX与GPX可能是5020×390耐铝的主要作用酶,GR可能是5020×389耐铝的主要作用酶。

[Objective]Aluminum-tolerant triticale（ 5020 × 389 and 5020 × 390） were obtained from the aluminum-resistant rye（ 389 and 390）and aluminum-deficient tetraploid wheat（ 5020）,and to compare the triticale and its heterologous parents active oxygen metabolism under aluminum stress.[Method]The membrane stability,active oxygen content and metabolism of triticale and its parents in different treatment time were detected by hydroponics and Al stress treatment.[Result]The contents of MDA and plasma membrane permeability of 5020,5020 × 389 and 5020× 390 were significantly increased after AlCl_3 treatment. The contents of MDA and membrane permeability of Al treatments were significantly increased after treatment with AlCl_3 for 2 and 12 d（ 57. 7%,11. 1%,10. 8% and 22. 8%,17. 4%,2. 2%）,respectively. Al promoted the content of active oxygen in 5020,5020 × 389 and 5020 × 390,and the contents of H_2O_2 increased by 63. 2%,47. 1%,37% and 63. 2%,41. 1%,37%,respectively,and only 5020 reactive oxygen species increased significantly after 12 days of aluminum treatment. The activities of SOD at 5020,5020× 389 and 5020 × 390 increased by 74. 5%,63. 2%,61. 7% and 45. 1%,31. 4%,20. 1% at 2 d and 12 d,respectively. After Al treatment for 12 days,the activities of APX,GPX,and GR in 5020 except CAT were significantly reduced by 74. 1%,69%,and 18%,respectively,compared to the control. The activities of APX,GPX,and GR in 5020 × 389 and 5020 × 390 leaves were significantly reduced. The increase was significantly increased by 3. 56 times,9. 54 times and 2. 96 times,1. 22 times and 2. 4 times and 5. 74 times respectively. GSH content and GSSH content of5020,5020 × 389 and 5020 × 390 increased significantly by 54. 0%,118. 2% and 25. 3%,18. 0% and 22. 0%,12. 3% respectively after 12 d of aluminum treatment.[Conclusion]Triticale 5020 × 389 and 5020 × 390 are resistant to aluminum,and the aluminum tolerance 5020 × 390 is slightly stronger than 5020 × 389. At the same time,the results showed that the differences of APX,GPX and GR activity among different aluminum tolerant cultivars were one of the reasons that the differences of aluminum tolerance between triticale and its heterologous parents were significant. APX and APX may be the main action enzymes of 5020 × 390 aluminum-resistant,and GR may be the main action enzyme of 5020 × 389 aluminum-resistant