肠内营养泵滴注喂养在预防老年吸入性肺炎中的应用

Application of instillation feeding of enteral nutrition pump in the prevention of inhalation pneumonia in the elderly people

目的 :探讨肠内营养泵滴注喂养在预防老年吸入性肺炎中的应用效果。方法 :选取2016年12月—2017年12月呼吸科和心脑血管科收治的老年吞咽功能障碍鼻饲患者58例,分成对照组和研究组各29例。对照组采取常规人工手推鼻饲喂养,研究组采取肠内营养泵持续滴注方式喂养,共12个月。每季度检测两组患者的吸入性肺炎发生率及营养吸收情况。结果 :研究组第一至第四季度吸入性肺炎发生率分别为13.79%、6.89%、6.89%和3.45%,对照组分别为20.69%、27.58%、31.03%和24.14%,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组营养状况改善率每季度呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。结论 :采取肠内营养泵滴注喂养能提升老年吞咽功能障碍患者生活质量,减少吸入性肺炎发生,改善老年营养状况,减轻医护人员工作量,提升工作效率,具有临床应用价值。

Objective： To investigate the effect of instillation feeding of enteral nutrition pump in the prevention of elderly aspiration pneumonia. Methods： Fifty-eight elderly patients with swallowing dysfunction and nasal feeding who were admitted to the Departments of Respiratory Medicine and Cardiology and Cardiovascular Diseases from December 2016 to December 2017 were selected and divided into a control group and a study group with 29 cases in each group. The control group was fed with conventional hand-pushed nasal feeding, and the study group was fed by continuous feeding of enteral nutrition pump for 12 months. The incidence of inhalation pneumonia and the nutrient absorption of the patients in the two groups were measured each quarter. Results： The incidence of inhalation pneumonia in the first-fourth quarter of the study group was 13.79%, 6.89%, 6.89% and 3.45%, respectively, those of the control groups were 20.69%, 27.58%, 31.03% and 24.14% respectively, and there was significant difference between the groups（P〈0.05）. The improvement rate of nutritional status in the study group showed an upward trend every quarter（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Instillation feeding of enteral nutrition pump can improve the quality of life of the elderly patients with dysphagia, reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonia, improve the nutritional status of the elderly people, reduce the workload of medical staff and improve the work efficiency, which has clinical application value.