人为干预对西宁野生动物园水禽湖雁形目动物繁殖的影响

Effects of Human Intervention on the Breeding of Anseriformes in Waterfowl Lake of Xining Wildlife Park

[目的]研究人为干预对西宁野生动物园水禽湖雁形目动物繁殖的影响。[方法]采取人工筑巢、栽植芦苇、取蛋孵化、改变雏鸟饲料和育雏方式等人为干预措施,研究其对西宁野生动物园水禽湖雁形目动物繁殖的影响。[结果]2014—2017年产卵数和产卵率逐年提高;2016和2017年火鸡孵化的成功率分别为75%和60%,均高于人工孵化和自然孵化。2017年雏鸟成活数和成活率均最高。水禽湖雁形目动物繁殖率由2014年的15.22%提高到2016年的61.54%;2017年由于强降水和主动终止杂交卵孵化,导致繁殖率有所下降。[结论]科学、合理的人为干预有助于提高水禽湖雁形目动物繁殖率。

[Objective] To study the effects of human intervention on the breeding of Anseriformes in waterfowl lake of Xining Wildlife Park.[Method]Making artificial nests,planting reeds,taking eggs away to hatch,changing the feed composition and brooding way and other human intervention measures were taken to study their effects on the breeding of Anseriformes in waterfowl lake of Xining Wildlife Park. [Result] During 2014-2017,the number of eggs and the laying rate were the highest. The success rate of hatching by turkey in 2016 and 2017 were 75% and 60% respectively,which were higher than that of artificial hatching and natural hatching. The number of survival chicks and survival rate in 2017 were the highest. The reproduction rate of Anseriformes in waterfowl lake in 2016 increased up to 61. 54% from 15. 22%in 2014. The reproduction rate of Anseriformes in waterfowl lake in 2017 decreased,due to strong precipitation and active termination of hybrid egg hatching. [Conclusion]Scientific and reasonable human intervention were helpful for increasing the reproduction rate of Anseriformes in waterfowl lake.