不同施氮处理对温室黄瓜产量、品质及效益的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Treatments on Yield,Quality and Benefit of Greenhouse Cucumber

为确定青海省黄瓜种植的最佳施氮量,研究不同施氮量对黄瓜产量生物性状、产量、品质和经济效益的影响。结果表明:施用尿素352kg/hm^2处理下,黄瓜株高为192.5cm/株,较习惯施肥增加4.9cm/株;瓜长为30.2cm/个,较习惯施肥增加0.4cm/个;单瓜重为212g/个,较习惯施肥增加17g/个;产量为91500kg/hm^2,较习惯施肥增产1500kg/hm^2;总糖含量为1.41%,较习惯施肥增加0.02%;VC含量为110.05mg/kg,较习惯施肥增加4.42mg/kg;硝酸盐含量为180.82mg/kg,较习惯施肥降低49.70mg/kg。说明,减施氮肥不仅能够保证黄瓜的产量,改善果实的品质,而且还能提高经济效益。可为该地区的合理施肥提供理论依据。

To determine the best amount of nitrogen fertilizer for cucumber cultivation,field experiment was conducted to research the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer treatments on yield,quality and benefit in Qinghai Province. The results showed that under the treatment of urea 352 kg/hm^2,the plant height of cucumber was 192. 5 cm/plant,which was 4. 9 cm/plant higher than that of customary fertilization; The length of cucumber was 30. 2 cm,which was 0. 4 cm higher than that of customary fertilization; The weight of single cucumber was 212 g,which was 17 g higher than that of customary fertilization; The yield reached to 91500 kg/hm^2,which was 1500 kg/hm^2 higher than that of customary fertilization; The total sugar content was 1. 41%,which was 0. 02% higher than that of customary fertilization; The content of VC was 110. 05 mg/kg,which was4. 42 mg/kg higher than that of customary fertilization; The nitrate content was 180. 82 mg/kg,which decreased49. 70 gmg/kg compared to customary fertilization. It shows that reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer not only guarantees the yield of cucumber and improves the quality,but also improves economic benefit. It can provide a theoretical basis for rational fertilization of the area.