2004—2016年郑州市细菌性痢疾流行特征及病原学分析

Epidemiological characteristics and pathogenic analysis of bacillary dysentery in Zhengzhou city from 2004 to 2016

目的了解郑州市细菌性痢疾的流行情况及病原学特征,为制定防控措施和策略提供参考依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2004—2016年郑州市细菌性痢疾监测数据及菌型检测结果进行分析。结果 2004—2016年郑州市共报告细菌性痢疾29 284例,年均发病率为31.28/10万,总体呈下降趋势(χ2趋势=103.60,P<0.001)。发病高峰为每年的5—10月,市区高于郊县,男性发病率高于女性,3岁以下幼儿是主要的发病人群,职业以散居儿童为主。2004—2016年共分离鉴定志贺菌387株,主要是福氏志贺菌(280株,72.35%),血清型以F2a为主;同时宋内志贺菌检出率呈上升趋势。结论细菌性痢疾仍然是郑州市需要防控的重点传染病,应在流行季节加大对重点地区、重点人群的宣教力度,采取综合防控措施,进一步降低其发病水平。

Objective To understand the epidemic and etiological characteristics of bacillary dysentery and providescientific evidence for the prevention strategies.Methods The surveillance data and serotyping of bacillary dysentery inZhengzhou city from 2004 to 2016 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results A total of 29 284 cases ofbacillary dysentery were reported in Zhengzhou from 2004-2016.The average annual incidence was 31.28 per 100 000 anddecreased annually（χ2=103.60,P〈0.001）.The peak season was from May to October.The incidence was higher in city thanthat of county,and male was higher than female.The majority of the bacillary dysentery cases was children under 3 years old,and scattered children were the main population at risk.A total of 385 Shigella strains were isolated and identified from 2004 to 2016,and 72.35%（280 strains） of strains were Shigella flexneri.F2 a subtype was dominated,but the detective rate of Shigella sonnei was increased gradually.Conclusion Bacillary dysentery is still one of important infectious diseases inZhengzhou,comprehensive measures should be taken to decrease the incidence including health education in targeted areaand people in epidemic season.