气象保险研究进展与展望

Progress and Prospect of Research on Weather Insurance

现有关于灾害风险管理的文献梳理表明,气象灾害分为直接气象灾害与间接气象灾害,直接气象灾害包括暴风雨(雪)、沙尘暴、龙卷风、干旱、寒潮、冰雹、雷电等。间接气象灾害包括泥石流、山体滑坡、山洪、森林火灾等由气象因素引发的灾害。气象保险作为管理气象灾害风险的一种主要途径已受到广泛关注,各国气象保险实践充分证明气象保险在气象灾害风险中的有效性。对现有关于气象保险的文献进行梳理,发现有关气象保险的研究主要集中在七个方面,现结合保险分别论述,提出问题与对策。

The existing literature on disaster risk management shows that meteorological disasters are divided into direct meteorological disasters and indirect meteorological disasters. Direct meteorological disasters include storms（snow）, sand storms, tornadoes, droughts,cold waves, hail, and lightning. Indirect meteorological disasters include debris flow, landslides, flash floods, forest fires, and other disasters caused by meteorological factors. As a main way to manage the risk of meteorological disasters, meteorological insurance has received widespread attention. The meteorological insurance practice in various countries fully proves the effectiveness of meteorological insurance in meteorological disaster risks. To sort out the existing literature on meteorological insurance, it is found that the research on meteorological insurance is mainly concentrated in seven areas. Now I discuss it separately with insurance and ask questions and countermeasures.