社会抚养费征收的正当性反思及建议

The Study on the Nature of Social Maintenance Fee

法律制度设计的前提和基础是法律规范性质的准确定位。从理论研究和司法实践的双重维度审视社会抚养费性质的争议,发现无论将其定性为"行政处罚",还是"行政征收",都存在难以疏通的逻辑障碍。加之中央和地方关于社会抚养费制度的规定又存在误区,使得公众对该制度的接受度不高。建议废除社会抚养费的征收制度,重塑计划生育法律规范的提倡性,大力表彰和奖励依法生育的公民,为国家计划生育治理理念提供价值支持,形成治理体系的软约束。

Legal institution＇s design is the premise and foundation for accurate positioning of the regulating nature of law. From the controversies concerning the nature of the social maintenance fee based on the dual dimension of theoretical research and judicial practice,we know that whether it is characterized as＂administrative punishment＂ or ＂administrative levy ＂,the logical obstacles always stay in the way. In addition,due to misunderstandings of the central and local regulations on the system of social maintenance,the public acceptance to the system remains low.It is recomended to abolish the system of the social compensation fee and to regain population and family planning law and vigorously promote and reward citizens who bear child according to law so as to provide support for the nations family planning governance and form the soft constraints of governance system.