清政府修浚金沙江通川河道始末

The Event of Qing Government Dredged the Jin Sha River Connecting Yunnan and Sichuan Province

金沙江天险成为云南通往内陆交通的阻碍,明正统、嘉靖和清雍正年间均有官员向中央政府提议开修金沙江通川河道未果。迫于云南社会经济发展对交通的需求和滇铜京运的压力,清政府于乾隆五年动工开修从东川府小江口至四川叙州府新开滩一千三百余里的通川河道,该工程先后由总督庆复、张允随主持,历时八年,耗银十七万八百四十两。但是这一工程并未达到清政府的预期目标,经派员查勘仅黄草坪至新开滩段可通航,其上游航段于乾隆十四年废止。

The natural barrier of Jin Sha River blocked the traffic from Yunnan to inland. During the years of Zhengtong,Jiajing of the Ming dynasty and Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty,some officials suggested that the government should dredge the Jin Sha River. Because of the pressure of transporting the copper from Yunnan to Beijing,the Qing government began to dredge the Jin Sha River in 1740. The length of the river is 1300 li（ 650 kilometers）,from Xiao Jiang Kou,Dongchuan to Xin Kai Tan,Sichuan. Qingfu and Zhang Yunsui,governors of Yunnan,took charge this project successively within eight years,with the silver cost of 170840 liang（ 8542 kilograms）. But,this project did not achieve the expected goal of the Qing government.Through exploring,only the route from Huang Cao Ping to Xin Kai Tan was navigable,and the upstream was abolished in 1749.