盐碱地条件下施氮量和栽插密度对水稻产量和品质的影响

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer rate and transplanting density on yield and grain quality of rice on saline-alkaline land

在盐碱地条件下,以南粳9108为材料,设置6个施氮水平和2个移栽密度,研究施氮量和移栽密度对盐碱地条件下水稻产量和品质的影响。结果表明,随着施氮量的增加,产量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,低氮处理下,密度大的产量高,高氮处理则相反。施氮量的增加提高了单位面积穗数和每穗粒数并降低了结实率和千粒重,密度的提高增加了单位面积穗数。施氮量的增加在提升稻米碾磨品质的同时降低了外观品质和蒸煮食味品质,移栽密度对稻米品质影响不大。在每公顷施氮300 kg,移栽密度为12 cm×25 cm时,可以获得相对优质的最高产量。

Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application and transplanting density on rice yield and quality under 6 nitrogen fertilizer levels and two transplanting levels with Nanjing 9108 as material. Results showed that,with the nitrogen fertilizer application increase,rice yield improved firstly and then decreased,the yield was higher at the higher transplanting density on low-level nitrogen,but it was opposite on high-level nitrogen. The increase in the amount of nitrogen increased the number of per unit area ears and the number of grains per ear and lowered the percentage of filled grain and the 1 000-grain weight and the increase of the density increased the number of per unit area ears. The appearances and cooking and eating qualities were debased while the milling quality was enhanced with increasing amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied. Transplanting density had little effect on rice quality. The highest yield and relatively high-quality could be obtained when the nitrogen was 300 kg/hm2 and the transplanting density was 12 cm × 25 cm.