不能孤立存在的社区--作为联合国教科文组织2003年《保护非物质文化遗产公约》防冻剂的“CGIs”与“遗产社区”

Never Alone: Communities“CGIs”and“Heritage Communities”as Antifreeze for UNESCO's 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage

本文明确了"社区""群体"和"个人"(联合国教科文组织2003年《保护非物质文化遗产公约》第15条)的三重奏常常被简化为"社区"的这一现状并试图矫正。为了避免这一情况,可以使用首字母缩略词"CGIs",或者强调群体和网络的重要性,甚至调用"行动者网络理论"的工具。但如果这种简化情况不能避免,则可以利用2003年《保护非物质文化遗产公约》中没有定义"社区"这一点,用"遗产社区"(欧洲委员会2005年《文化遗产社会价值框架公约》第2条)的概念替代"社区"——尤其是在引入了人与组织的网络这一观念的佛兰德政策变体中,以保持非物质文化遗产保护范式的流动性和灵活性。

This article identifies and tries to remediate the fact that the trio＂communities＂,＂groups＂and＂individuals＂（article 15 of the 2003 UNESCO Convention）is often reduced to just＂communities＂. This can be avoided by using the sensitizing acronym＂CGIs＂,or by highlighting the importance of groups and networks,or even by mobilizing the toolbox of Actor Network Theory. If the reduction is unavoidable,then advantage can be taken of the fact that community is not defined in the 2003 UNESCO Convention. It can be replaced by the notion of＂heritage community＂（article 2 of the Council of Europe＇s 2005 Framework Convention on the Value of Cultural Heritage for Society）,in particular in the Flemish policy variant that injects networks of people and organisations in the system,keeping the implementation of the safeguarding intangible cultural heritage paradigm fluid and flexible.