1990年～2015年晋南地区土地利用/覆被时空变化及基于灰色关联的驱动因素研究

Spatio-temporal variation of Land Use/Cover Change and Grey Correlation Analysis of Drivers Affecting LUCC from 1990 to 2015 in the South of Shanxi Province

基于Landsat遥感影像提取晋南地区1990年~2015年4期土地利用/覆被变化信息,并结合1990年~2015年研究区七种自然和人为因素,发现气候变化和人口、GDP增长都会对晋南地区土地利用变化产生影响.研究表明:(1)2000年~2015年,晋南地区水体、耕地、林地呈减小趋势,建筑用地和裸地呈增加趋势.1990年~2000年,水体和裸地增加,建筑用地、耕地和林地减少.2000年~2007年,水体和裸地减少,建筑用地、耕地和林地增加.2007年~2015年,水体和林地减少,耕地大幅减少,建筑用地大幅增加,裸地增加.(2)水体、耕地和林地变动的主要影响因素是平均气温、降水、相对湿度、风速和人口,其中平均气温、降水为影响水体的首要因素,降水和相对湿度为影响耕地和林地的首要因素;人口与水体、耕地和林地的关联度明显大于GDP、人均GDP与各地类的关联度.

Land use change is a key component for global environment change, and also a representation of the impact of human activities on the environment. Based on Landsat remote sensing images, the information of land use/cover change in south area of Shanxi province from 1990 to 2015 was extracted. Meshing seven natural and man-jmade factors in the study area from 1990 to 2015, it was found that the effects of climate change, population growth and GDP on land use change in southern Shanxi province. The study shows that ：①From 2000 to 2015, the area of the water body,cultivated land and woodland in south area of Shanxi showed a decreasing trend, and the area of eonstrnction land and bare land increased. From 1990 to 2000, the water bodies and bare land expended, and the area of construction land,cultivated land and woodland shrunk. From 2000 to 2007 ,the area of water bodies and bare land lessened, and the area of construction land,cultivated land and woodland raised. From 2007 to 2015, the water bodies and woodland decreased ,cultivated land shrunk substantially, construction land expended substantially, and bare land increased. ②The main influencing factors of water body, cultivated land and forestland changes were the average temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, wind speed and population. The average temperature and precipitation were the primary factors which affected water bodies. Precipitation and relative humidity were the main factors influencing cultivated land and forest land. The correlation between population and water body, cultivated land and forest land was obviously higher than that of GDP, and the per capita GDP was related to water body, cultivated land and forest land.