基于自组装的纳米材料双芘的原位构筑、转化和生物效应研究

Bis-pyrene based self-assembled nanomaterials:in situ construction,transformation and biomedical effects

由于预自组装纳米材料的超结构和性能在复杂的生理状态下会发生变化，我们提出了一种新的“体内自组装”策略．即在体内原位构筑自组装纳米材料来代替预组装纳米材料．为了实现和研究体内自组装，开发了双芘建筑模块，该建筑模块组装成纳米材料时伴随着荧光的增强，可用于“观察”自组装过程及最终的自组装纳米材料．本文总结了双芘建筑模块用于体内自组装的优势，系统地介绍了体内自组装的策略．同时探讨了基于体内自组装和转化的双芘材料的生物效应和诊断治疗应用，并展望了双芘自组装纳米材料的未来发展前景．

The self-assembled nanomaterials show potential high-efficiency as theranostics agents for high-performance imaging and treatment. However, the superstructures and properties of pre-assem- bled nanomaterials compromise in complicated physiological conditions. We proposed a new strategy of ＂in vivo self-assembly＂ to in situ construct self-assembled nanomaterials in vivo instead of uncon- trollable changes of self-assembled nanomaterials. In order to achieve and investigate the in vivo self- assembly, we developed the building block of bis-pyrene, which was hydrophobic molecule and self- assembled into nanoparticles （NPs） with bright emission. The hydrophobicity and π-π interactions in- duced self-assembly in water, and the self-assembled nano-emitters could provide signals to ＂observe＂ the self-assembly process and the self-assemblies in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we summarized advantages of the bis-pyrene building block for in vivo self-assembly. More importantly, the strate- gies for ＂in vivo self-assembly＂ were systematically introduced. The new biological effect and applica- tion for diagnosis and therapy based on in situ construction and transformation of bis-pyrene based on materials in vivo were discussed. We finally concluded with an outlook towards future developments of bis-pyrene self-assembled nanomaterials.