云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州2016年新报告艾滋病病毒感染者的基因亚型分析

HIV gene subtypes of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Dehong Dai and Jingpo autonomous prefecture of Yunnan province,2016

目的 分析2016年云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州（德宏州）新报告HIV感染者HIV基因亚型，了解中国籍和缅甸籍HIV感染者基因亚型分布特征。方法 对2016年德宏州新报告的HIV感染者提取核酸，使用RT-PCR法对HIV基因gag、env和pol进行反转录扩增，直接测序扩增产物，综合分析3个基因的测序结果，确定最终基因亚型。结果 2016年德宏州新报告HIV感染者1 112例，成功测定基因亚型的感染者860例。C亚型所占比例最大（占33.6%，289/860）；其后为独特重组（unique recombinant forms，URFs）（占28.4%，244/860）、CRF01_AE（占18.6%，160/860）等亚型；URFs中主要包括4种形式的重组，其中以CRF01_AE和C亚型重组为主。缅甸籍感染者的亚型分布与民族和传播方式相关。结论 德宏州2016年新报告HIV感染者基因亚型主要集中在C、URFs和CRF01_AE亚型，URFs分布依然复杂多样。

Objective To explore distribution of HIV gene subtypes among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases from China and Myanmar in Dehong Dai and Jingpo prefecture of Yunnan province in 2016. Methods We conducted DNA extractions from newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in 2016. The gag, env and pol genes were amplified by using reverse transcription-PCR （RT-PCR） and sequenced to identify HIV subtypes. Results A total of 1 112 newly diagnosed HIV cases were reported in Dehong in 2016, and the HIV subtypes were identified for 860 cases. Subtype C was predominant （33.6%）, followed by unique recombinant forms （URFs） （28.4%）, CRF01_AE （18.6%） and so on. URFs include four recombination, among which the recombination of CRF01_AE and C subtype were predominant. The HIV subtype distribution was associated with nationality and transmission route in HIV/AIDS cases from Myanmar. Conclusions The gene subtypes of C, URFs and CRF01_AE were mainly distributed; distribution of URFs remained complex and diverse among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Dehong in 2016.