行政诉讼附带审查的宪法命题及其展开

Constitution Proposition and Its Expansion of Incidental Review in Administrative Litigation

行政诉讼附带审查制度承载着高度期待,但拘泥于行政诉讼内部的微观制度调整,并未领会这一看似幅度不大但实属行政诉讼体制性调整的宪法意义,势必无法超脱传统行政诉讼的诸种纠葛。从宪法体制整体安排的视角,必须回应规范审查与审判逻辑的分工与嵌合、刚性的合法性判断与弹性的规则试错空间的协调、法院附带审查与规范监督体系的衔接三个宪法命题。作为制度回应,以比例原则的创造性转换为基础的合法性审查标准的多层次性构造,及对应效力规则的拓展,加强了行政诉讼与行政权的沟通,使其在作为监督者的同时能够理解行政权运行所面对的复杂情形;作为处理结果的司法建议的效力拓展,最终与依托宪法体制的规范监督体系形成有机对接,走出对附带审查制度不切实际的过高期待,亦可以以此推进这一监督体系的联动运行。

The administrative litigation incidental review system carries a high expectation. But rigidly adhere to the administrative litigation within the micro-system adjustment,misunderstand this seemingly small but it is the administrative litigation institutional adjustment of the constitutional significance,is bound to not go beyond the traditional administrative litigation disputes. From the perspective of the overall arrangement of the constitutional system,it is necessary to respond to the three constitutional propositions of the division of the normative examination and the division of the trial logic,the coordination of the legitimacy of rigidity and the coordination of the rules of the trial and error,the convergence of the court with the supervision and supervision system.As a system response,the multi-level construction of the legitimacy review standard based on the creative transformation of the principle of proportionality and the expansion of the corresponding effect rules strengthens the communication between the administrative litigation and the administrative power,so that it can be understood as the supervisor The executive power face the complex situation; as the result of the effectiveness of judicial recommendations to expand,and ultimately rely on the constitutional system of supervision and control system to form an organic docking out of the incidental review system unrealistically unrealistic expectations,can also promote the co-operation of this supervisory system.