最高人民法院司法解释性质文件的法律地位探究

On the legal status of the Judicial Interpretation Nature's documents of the supreme people's court

司法解释性质文件是最高人民法院引导和规范司法实践的常用方式。司法解释性质文件同源于司法解释,是最高人民法院表达司法权力的重要途径。司法解释性质文件具有功能意义上的正当性。从外部视角来看,能够承载政治意图、执行公共政策和接轨国家机关;从内部视角来看,能够型塑裁判理念、规范漏洞补充以及统一裁判标准;从价值属性来看,司法解释性质文件是党政意图的逻辑延伸,是行政权力的隐性扩展,是司法政策的重要形式载体,具有政治性、行政性和政策性;从司法法理层面看,司法解释性质文件可能影响法院审判的独立性,并容易超越司法边界,成为法官规避法律风险的"避风港"。这需要在法治发展过程当中,通过深化司法改革来完成法治的真正使命,最终取消司法解释性质文件。

Documents of a Judicial Interpretation Nature is a common way of governance of the supreme peopleg court judicial practice. Documents of a Judicial Interpretation Nature and judicial interpretation are homologous, and the former is an important way of expression of the supreme peopleg eourt judicial power. Documents of a Judicial Interpretation Nature has a function in the sense of legitimacy. From an external perspective, it carries out political intentions, implements public policy and integrates with state organs; From the internal perspective, it can shape judicial idea, standardize holes and uni- fy juridical standard. From the point of legal attribute, the judicial interpretation qualitative file is a logical extension of party and government intent, is a recessive expansion of administrative power, is an important form of the carrier of the ju- dicial policy , and is political and administrative ; From a perspective of theory of law , the nature of the judicial interpreta- tion file may affect the independence of the court, be easy to go beyond the judicial boundary, becoming a ＂safe haven＂ of the judges to evade the law risk , thus influence its legal validity. This need cancel documents of a Judicial Interpretation Nature by deepening the judicial reform and constantly completing the real mission of rule of law in the development of the rule of law finally.