论终身监禁的必要性和体系化构建——以恐怖主义、极端主义犯罪防控为视角

On the necessity and systematization of life imprisonment——On the perspective of prevention and control of terrorism and extremism crime

我国刑法学界有关终身监禁的争议,在《刑法修正案(九)》之前主要是以死刑废除为视角展开的,争议的焦点在于终身监禁可否作为死刑废除的替代措施;《刑法修正案(九)》之后,则主要来自于刑事立法对贪污罪、受贿罪使用终身监禁以实现特殊预防的根本性疑问。终身监禁的法典化立法方向,在制度上具有重大意义,但在具体类罪指向上出现了较大偏差。以恐怖活动犯罪防控为视角,综合其客观上的主害、次害结构,主观特质以及感染性质,可以发现终身监禁兼具报应和预防的双重价值。以严谨的刑事立法方式增设可以假释的终身监禁制度实为必要。

A dispute over life imprisonment in Chinese criminal law field mainly expands in the perspective of the abo- lition of the death penalty before ＂criminal law amendment （nine） ＂, and the focus of the dispute lies in whether or no life imprisonment can be an alternative to the abolition of the death penalty ; A fundamental question mainly focuses on whether the use of life imprisonment on the crime of corruption and bribery can realize special prevention after ＂criminal law amend- ment （nine） ＂. The codification of legislative direction of life imprisonment is of great significance in the system, but its application of specific categories of crime appears significant deviations. It has double value with both of retribution and prevention from the perspective of crime prevention and control of terrorist activities, considering the objective main dam- age, the secondary damage structure, the subjective characteristics and the nature of infection of life imprisonment, h is necessary that by the way of criminal legislation and rigorous system parole is added to life imprisonment.