潮汕侨批中的亲属称谓研究

An Analysis of the Kinsfolk Appellation in Chaoshan Overseas Remittance Letter

称谓语在书信交际中起着重要作用,称谓语的使用和变化不仅带有历史文化印痕,还反映社会发展变化的历程。潮汕侨批是"信款合一"的家书,其中涉及的亲属称谓众多。大部分潮汕侨批保留着传统旧体书信的书写格式和规范,在使用称谓语时,既采用传统书信的文雅称谓,同时又融入了不少地方特色,注重在原有核心称谓词的基础上,通过添加其他词或语素等组合方式充分表现敬谦和亲疏关系;侨批中的亲属称谓存在泛化和混用的现象,选用称谓时既有多样性,又具个性倾向;侨批中的亲属称谓还受到一定外来文化的影响,不仅展现了潮汕地区庞大的血缘亲情乃至族群的关系网,也呈现出特定社会背景下中华民族传统文化的继承和发展的动态过程。

Appellations play an important role in the communication of letters,the use and change of the appellation language not only bears historical and cultural mark,but also reflects the process of social development and changes.Chaoshan overseas remittance is a combination of letters and remittances,which involves many kinship terms.The majority of overseas remittance of Chaoshan retains the traditional old style of epistolary writing format and norm.Appellations are used with traditional elegant address forms and with many local characteristics.They are formed by adding other words or morphemes to the original core words to show respect and kinship.Generalization and mixture exist in the use of appellation.The choice of appellation is characterized by diversity and individuality.The kinsfolk appellation is also subject to foreign culture,presenting not only the complex blood lineage in Chaoshan area and ethnic connections,but also the dynamic process of the inheritance and developmen of chinese traditional culture against particular social background.