网络语体中字母词的新发展及其社会动因

On the New Development and the Social Motivation of Letter Words in Network Language Style

字母词是在汉语公共语言生活中使用的单词性的完全或部分由字母构成的词语,其一直以来都是网络语言中备受关注的一个现象。为跟踪字母词在网络语体中的新变化,对2016年12月《人民日报》和《羊城晚报》这两份报纸网络版中出现的字母词进行穷尽性调查,得出字母词9986词次,字母词词数3248个。同时,考察其词形分类、数量分布、语用频率,并在此基础上与2002年相同报纸出现的字母词进行对此,发现网络语体中字母词使用的现象更加普遍,出现的频率有较大的提升,构词方式和表达方式具有新的特点,如有组合字母词、"括号+拼音"的特殊表达、避讳式字母词形式等。这是由于相关政策的推动、外语教育的持续升温和国际交流的不断发展、移动终端的日益普及等因素造成的。信息交换爆发增长,语言接触不可避免,因此,字母词未来的发展更需要被规范与引导。

Letter words are words that are completely or partly composed of letters used in the Chinese public language,which have always been a hot topic in network language.In order to track the new changes in letter words in the network language style,the paper conducts an exhaustive investigation of the letter words appearing in the online version of the People’s Daily and the Yangcheng Evening News in December 2016,discovering that 3248 letter words occur 9986 times.At the same time,the paper examines the classification,number distribution and the pragmatic frequency of letter words.Compared with the letter words used in the same newspapers of the year 2002,network letter words have changed a lot in number and frequency,word formation,ways of expression and other aspects,which is due to the promotion of relevant policies,the continuous popularity of foreign language education,the continuous development of international exchanges,and the increasing popularity of mobile terminals and other factors.The contact through language becomes inevitable with the explosive growth of information exchange.Thus the future development of letter words needs more standardization and guidance.