基于实测路面高程数据的路面不平度研究

Study of the Road Roughness Based on Measured Road Elevation Data

为研究自铺设实验路面不平度等级,本文采用水准仪测量路面不同位置的高程数据进行路面不平度研究。经统计处理高程数据得到整个路面的三维高程曲面,并利用经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD)方法处理路面不平度趋势项,获取符合路面相对等级的路面不平度数据序列,重构路面不平度,建立自回归(auto regressive,AR)模型,求解实验路面功率谱密度并分析。分析结果表明,在低频段,实验道路位移功率谱密度值较大,在高频段,实验道路位移功率谱密度值较小,实验路面的特性参数与B级路面的数值相近,整个路面属B级路面。该研究为车辆的动态响应提供了较为准确的路面不平度信息,具有一定的实际应用价值。

In order to learn about the regularity of the self-paved experimental pavement,the leveling instrument is adopted to measure the differences of three-dimensional elevation in different locations of the pavement,and then obtain the three-dimensional elevation curved surface of whole pavement by statistical analysis.Besides,the empirical mode decomposition（EMD）method is adopted to deal with the trend terms of pavement irregularities,and obtain the data series of pavement irregularities which accord with the relative grade of pavement,and then reconstruct the map of pavement irregularities,and solve and analyze the power spectrum of the experimental pavement by establishing the AR（autoregressive,Auto Regressive）model.The results of the power spectrum density analysis indicate that the whole grade of the pavement belongs to class Band can be used to study the vehicle dynamic response.The analysis results show that in the low frequency section,the experimental road displacement power spectrum density is larger and in the high frequency section,the experimental road displacement power spectrum density is small.It can be seen that the characteristic parameters of the experimental pavement are similar to the Blevel pavement,and the whole road surface belongs to the Blevel pavement.The research provides more accurate information about the road roughness for the dynamic response of the vehicle.