大豆品种分枝数分级标准探索

Study on Characterization and Classification of Branching in Soybean

大豆分枝与株型及其产量关系密切。大豆品种资源分枝数的表型鉴定对提高其利用效率具有重要指导意义。为了探索黑龙江大豆品种在北京异地种植条件下的分枝数,本研究以来源于我国东北生态区的49份大豆品种为材料,于2011年和2012年采用随机区组试验,在45 cm行距条件下,株距分别设置25 cm、15 cm和5 cm,研究品种的分枝数及对种植密度的敏感性。结果表明,不同品种的分枝数存在极显著差异,并且各品种对种植密度的敏感程度不同。根据分枝数目将参试品种分为少分枝、中等分枝和多分枝3类;根据分枝数与种植密度的相关系数将参试品种分为不敏感、低度敏感、中等敏感和高度敏感4类。本研究为参试材料在不同株型优良品种培育中的利用提供了理论依据,也为大豆种质表型鉴定提供了参考。

Branches of soybean are closely associated with plant architecture and yield. Phenotyping of branch- ing is significance for improving the utilization of germplasm resources. In order to identify the stability of branching for varieties which are from Heilongjiang province but grow in Beijing,49 varieties from Northeast ecological regions of China were selected. Three planting densities with the distance of 25 em, 15 cm and 5 cm between plantswere de- signed under the same row spacing for evaluating branch characteristics and density sensitivitie in 2011 and 2012. The results showed that there were significant differences in the number of branches for different varieties and the sensitive degrees were different among different soybean genotypes. All these varieties were classified into three or four groups based on the number of branches and density-sensitivities, respectively. Taken together, the results pro- vide a theoretical basis for the utilization of these germplasm in different architecture, but also provide a reference for the accurate identification of soybean germplasm phenotype.