简论“学术异化”现象

The Research of Academic Estrangement

社会生活中包含了三个相互独立而又相互作用的领域:经济领域、政治权力领域和公共(文化)领域。文化领域中那些以追求真理为目标的知识分子应该是价值中立的。但是,正如哈贝马斯所指出的,经济领域和权力领域会干扰文化领域,经济领域和权力领域对于学术研究领域的干扰导致了学术异化的现象。当政治权力领域干扰了学术研究领域的时候,学术研究领域和政治权力领域的互动关系被破坏,真理往往会屈服于权力。经济领域对学术研究领域的干扰在于人们按照经济的标准来衡量和管理学术,学者为了经济利益而放弃真理。当然,即使没有权力领域和经济领域对学术领域的干扰,学术领域也会由于自身的信息不对称、假问题的研究以及形式化的研究而导致学术的异化。

There are three independent and interactive spheres in social life：economic sphere,political sphere and public sphere.In public sphere,those who take truth-seeking as their aim should be value-free.But just as Habermas once pointed that economic sphere and political sphere might interfere with public sphere.This kind of interference may lead to academic estrangement.When political power interferes with academic sphere,the interactive relationship between academic sphere and political sphere would be destroyed,truth would succumb to political power.The interference of economic sphere with academic sphere manifest itself in that people evaluate and administrate academic activity according to economic standard,and scholars forsake truth for economic interest.Of course,even without the interference of economic and political power,academic sphere could also have the phenomenon of estrangement because of unbalance of information,asking of fake questions and formalism research.