广州地区热带无爪螨在呼吸道过敏性疾病的致敏模式

The sensitization pattern of Blomia tropicalis in allergic respiratory disease in Guangzhou

目的探讨热带无爪螨在呼吸道过敏性疾病中的致敏模式,及其与过敏性鼻炎和(或)哮喘的联系。方法筛选广州地区尘螨致敏过敏性鼻炎和(或)哮喘患者330例,对其血清热带无爪螨、屋尘螨和粉尘螨的sIgE检测结果进行分析。结果热带无爪螨的致敏率均明显低于屋尘螨和粉尘螨(均P<0.001)。3种螨同时致敏者占80.0%,仅0.3%患者只对热带无爪螨致敏。3种螨的sIgE水平两两间均具有显著正相关性(P<0.001),屋尘螨与粉尘螨致敏高度相关(rs=0.906),热带无爪螨与屋尘螨、粉尘螨的致敏呈中度相关(rs=0.540和rs=0.512)。随着热带无爪螨sIgE水平的升高,合并屋尘螨或粉尘螨重度致敏(sIgE水平为5~6级)的阳性率均显著升高(P<0.001)。过敏性鼻炎伴哮喘患者的屋尘螨、粉尘螨sIgE显著高于单纯鼻炎、哮喘患者(均P<0.001),过敏性鼻炎伴哮喘和哮喘患者中,热带无爪螨sIgE水平显著高于鼻炎患者(P=0.006和P=0.020)。结论热带无爪螨致敏患者常合并屋尘螨和粉尘螨同时致敏,且哮喘患者热带无爪螨致敏程度更高。

Objective To investigate the sensitization pattern of Blomia tropicalis in patients with aller-gic respiratory disease and the association between Blomia tropicalis with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma. Methods 330 allergic rhinitis and/or asthma patients sensitized with mites were selected in Guangzhou,and s Ig E lev-el in the serum of all recruited patients of Blomia tropical,Dermatophagoide pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoide fa-rina was measured. Results The sensitization rate of Blomia tropicalis was significantly lower than that of Derma-tophagoide pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoide farina（P〈0.001,both）. 80.0% Patients were sensitized with boththree mites,and only 0.3% patients were of monosensitization to Blomia tropicalis. The s Ig E of these three miteswere significantly positive correlated with each other（P〈0.001）,Dermatophagoide pteronyssinus and Derma-tophagoide farina have strong correlation（r=0.906）,Blomia tropicalis has moderate correlation with Dermatopha-goide pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoide farina（r = 0.540 and r=0.512,respectively）. With the increase ofBlomia tropicalis s Ig E,the severe sensitization rate（s Ig E level：class 5~6）of patients sensitized combined Der-matophagoide pteronyssinus or Dermatophagoide farina significantly increased（P〈0.001）. The s Ig E level of Der-matophagoide pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoide farina in allergic asthma and rhinitis patients were significantlyhigher than that of patients with rhinitis or asthma alone（P〈0.001）,and the s Ig E level of Blomia tropicalis in pa-tients with both allergic asthma and rhinitis or with asthma alone were also significantly higher than that of patientswith rhinitis alone（P=0.006 and P=0.020,respectively）. Conclusion The Blomia tropicalis sensitized pa-tients usually sensitize together with Dermatophagoide pteronyssinus or Dermatophagoide farina,and the degree ofBlomia tropicalis sensitized in asthma patients are higher.