补充碳酸氢钠对男子篮球运动员高强度间歇训练生理应激和运动能力的影响

Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate Supplement on Physiological Stress and Exercise Performance during High-Intensity Interval Training in Male Basketball Athletes

目的:观察运动前碱中毒(补充碳酸氢钠[NaHCO_3])对男子篮球运动员高强度间歇训练时生理应激和运动能力的影响。方法:25名男子篮球运动员以随即和双盲的方式分别摄入NaHCO_3和安慰剂(Placebo)后进行一次高强度间歇训练,记录运动时的做功量和力竭时间。分别于摄入前、摄入后60 min(即训练前)、训练后即刻以及训练后10min取动脉血测定酸碱平衡参数;于训练前、训练后即刻、训练后90 min和180 min取静脉血测定血浆应激标志物含量以及单核细胞热休克蛋白72(HSP72)表达量。结果:补充Placebo和补充NaHCO_3平均做功量和平均力竭时间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。与摄入前比较,摄入后60 min,补充NaHCO_3时pH值、HCO_3和碱过量增加(P<0.05),而[H+]下降(P<0.05);与训练前(即摄入后60 min)比较,训练后即刻和训练后10 min,补充Placebo和补充NaHCO_3时pH值、HCO_3和碱过量均降低(P<0.05),而[H+]升高(P<0.05);训练后即刻和训练后10 min与补充Placebo比较,补充NaHCO_3时pH值、HCO_3和碱过量升高(P<0.05),[H+]降低(P<0.05)。与训练前比较,补充Placebo血浆TBARS和单核细胞HSP72表达量在训练后各时间点均显著性升高(P<0.05),补充NaHCO_3在训练后各时间点均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。血浆TAB和GSSG/TGSH均无显著性变化(P>0.05)。与补充Placebo比较,补充NaHCO_3时血浆皮质醇在训练前后各时间点均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:高强度间歇训练可显著上调单核细胞HSP72表达;补充NaHCO_3对运动能力无显著影响,但可下调HSP72表达水平,其机制可能并不是通过抑制氧化应激介导的,而与维持酸碱平衡稳态有关。

Objective ： The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pre - exercise alkalosis （ sodium bicarbonate supplement, [ NaHCO3 ] ） on 1he physiological slress and exercise performance during high - intensity interval training in male basketball athletes. Methods： Twenty- -five male basketball athletes completed NaHCO3 and Placebo trials in a blinded and randomized design before a high - intensity- interval training. Work performance and exhausting duration were recorded during exercise. Arterial blood samples for the measurement of acid - base equilibrium variables were taken immediately before and 60 min after ingestion （i. e. pre- exercise） of the pills, immediately post- exercise, and 10 -nfin post- exercise while ve-nous blood for plasma stress markers and monocyte - expressed heat shock protein 72 （HSP72） pre - exercise, and then im- mediately, 90 - and 180 -min post- exercise. Results： There was no significant difference of average work performance and exhausting duration between NaHCO3 and Placebo trials （P 〉 0.05）. Compared with before ingestion, pH, HCO3 and base excess increased （ P 〈 0.05 ） while [ H ＋ ] decreased （ P 〈 0.05 ） in NaHCO3 trial 60 min after ingestion ; compared with pre - exercise （i. e. 60 min after ingestion） , pH, HCO3 and base excess in both Placebo and NaHCO3 trials reduced （ P 〈 0.05） while [ H ＋ ] raised （ P 〈 0.05 ） immediately post - exercise and 10 - min post - exercise ; compared Placebo trial immediately post - exercise and 10 - min post - exercise, pH, HCO3 and base excess increased （ P 〈 0.05） while [ H ＋ ] decreased （P 〈 0.05） in NaHCO3 trial. Compared with pre - exercise, plasma TBARS and monocyte HSP72 expression elevated （P 〈 0.05） in all time point post - exercise in Placebo trial while no significant change in NaHCO3 trial （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Plasma TAB and GSSC/TGSH were not significantly altered （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Compared with Placebo trial, plasma cortisol showed no significant difference in all time point of pre - and post -exercise in NaHCO3 trial （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Monoeyte -expressed HSP72 is significantly increased following high - intensity- interval training, and its attenuation following such exercise with the ingestion of NaHCO3 is unlikely to be due to a decreased oxidative stress but is related to maintenance of acid - base equilibrium.