不同修复年限斑茅根系下土壤动物群落结构及季节特征

Community Structure and Characteristics of Seasonal Change in Number of Soil Animals Under E.arundinaceus' Root in Different Remediation Years

为了进一步研究斑茅对大宝山多金属(Cu、Cd、Zn)污染土壤的修复效果,以斑茅根系下的土壤动物群落结构和多样性作为评价依据,采用干漏斗法(Tullgren)对不同修复年限(3年、2年、1年与当年)斑茅根系下的土壤动物进行群落结构特征的研究.研究结果显示:被重金属污染的土壤其土壤动物个体数集中凸显优势类群蜱螨目和弹尾目个体,蜱螨目个体数量明显优势于弹尾目,常见类群和稀有类群个体数罕见;斑茅种植对多金属(Cu、Cd、Zn)污染土壤中的土壤动物的群落结构和多样性有一定的修复效果,体现在构成土壤动物的群落结构的类群数、个体数量及优势类群弹尾目个体等随着修复年限的增加而增多,其中最早恢复的是常见类群;斑茅根系土壤动物的季节消长特征体现在同一样地不同季节土壤动物的个体数呈现春高夏低秋高冬低的规律,其变化次序为秋>春>夏>冬;修复年限越长斑茅根系土壤动物类群数的季节动态呈现冬高规律,不同修复年限样地秋季和春季动物类群有差别.

In order to further study the E.arundinaceus Polymetallic（Cu, Cd, Zn） remediation effect on DabaoMountain’s contaminated soil, a research on community structure characteristics of soil animals under E.arundinaceus’root was carried out by Tullgren filler within different remediation years （3 years, 2 years. 1year and this year）, which took the soil animal community structure and its diversity under E.arundinaceus’root as a basis for evaluation. The results of the research showed as follows： Firstly, the number of animalsin the soil contaminated by heavy metals was mainly concentrated in the dominant groups, such as Acari-formes and Collembola, and the number of Acariformes was significantly higher than that of Collembola,while common and rare taxa rarely appeared. Secondly, E.arundinaceus planting, to a certain extent, had ef-fect on recovering community structure characteristics and diversity of animals in contaminated soil, reflectedin the community structure of soil animal species number, individual number and individual number ofCollembola increasing with increasing remediation period. The number of common species in soil increase atfirst. Thirdly, a regularity reflected characteristics of seasonal change in number of soil animals under E.arundinaceus’root that, in same sample plot, individual number of soil animals was high in spring and au-tumn, and it was low in summer and winter. The changing tendency from high to low was autumn, spring,summer and winter. Fourthly, the longer fixed number of remediation years , the higher in winter the sea-sonal dynamics of the number of soil animal groups in the root system of E.arundinaceus. There were differ-ences between the groups in autumn and spring with different remediation years.