共享经济平台劳动者就业及劳动关系现状——基于北京市多平台的调查研究

A Study on the Current Situation of Employment and Labor Relations of the Sharing-economy Platform: A Survey based on Platforms in Beijing

本研究运用北京市"新技术新业态新模式蓬勃发展对职工队伍和劳动关系的影响及应对举措"专题调研数据(1),通过整合定性和定量要素的混合方法,分析了共享经济平台劳动者就业的特征以及劳动关系的现状与问题。结果表明,共享经济平台就业呈现出低门槛、高灵活性、去劳动关系化的特点。共享经济平台为劳动者提供了大量就业机会和新的工作模式,在帮助劳动者提升收入水平的同时,劳动者可以较为自由地安排工作时间。但同时,共享经济的发展对传统劳动关系秩序产生了巨大挑战。传统劳动法律体系不适应共享经济的发展,劳动者与共享经济平台的法律关系不明确,平台从业者的劳动权益保护问题应引起重视。

This study analyses the characteristics of employment of laborers and the current situation of labor relations of the sharing-economy platform. It adopts a mixed approach of both qualitative and quantitative methods and based on the project data of ＂Impacts of the new technology and new business model development on staff and labor relations and countermeasures in Beijing＂. The result shows that the sharing-economy platforms have employment features of low threshold, high flexibility, and de-labor relations. While providing a great number of job opportunities and new modes of work, the sharing-economy platform contributes to raising workers’ incomes and their flexible working schedules. However, the development of sharing economy also has a significant impact on traditional labor relations. This is due to the fact that the traditional labor law system is not adapted to the development of sharing economy and the uncertain relationship between workers and the platform. Thus, attention should be paid to issues of practitioners’ labor rights and interest protection of the platform.