侵权赔偿与工伤保险竞合的规则构建——以第三人原因致害为视角

The Construction of Rules for Overlapping of Tort Compensation and Work Injury Insurance:From the Perspective of Harm Caused by Third Person

第三人原因致害下侵权赔偿与工伤保险的竞合问题,源于现代救济体系对同一损害的不同评价和规范。比较法上存在选择、取代、兼得、补充四种立法模式。我国相关立法呈现出分散化、原则化、矛盾化和地方化的问题,加剧了问题的复杂性。着眼于劳动者权益的保护,我国的社会发展现状以及相关制度的设计初衷,我国在未来处理此类竞合问题上应采用"有限的兼得模式",《民法典》的编纂为相关问题的立法提供了良好的契机。

The issue of overlapping of tort compensation and work injury insurance caused by third person is derived from the different evaluation and regulation of the same damage by modern assistance system.There are four legislative modes in the comparative law：Selection,Substitution,Cumulation and Complementation.The problems of decentralization,principle,contradiction and localization are presented in the relevant legislation of our country,which exacerbates the complexity of the problem.Focusing on the protection of the rights and interests of laborers,the current situation of social development in China and the original intention of the system design,China should adopt the mode of Limited Cumulation in dealing with such issues of overlapping in the future.The compilation of civil code provides a good opportunity for legislation of relevant issues.