外泌体治疗脊髓损伤的研究进展

Research progress of exosomes in treating spinal cord injury

外泌体是细胞分泌到胞外环境的膜囊泡,是治疗脊髓损伤的一种新策略。间充质干细胞分泌的外泌体在脊髓损伤的治疗中具有抗凋亡、抗炎和促血管生成的作用,同时能促进神经细胞间的交流,并可作为外源性遗传物质的载体。与其亲代细胞相比,外泌体可穿越血脑屏障,更加稳定,降低了施用活细胞所固有的安全风险。

Exosomes are membrane vesicles secreted by cells into the extracellular environment. Exosomes are a new cell component in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Exosomes are secreted by mesenchymal stem cells have anti-apoptotic,anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects in the treatment of spinal cord injury,which play a key role in nerve cell-cell communication and can delivery exogenous genetic material. Exosomes can penetrate blood-brain barrier and are more stable than their parent cells,reducing the safety risks in the administration of viable cells.