播种量对小麦新品种鑫麦296农艺性状及产量的影响

Effects of Seeding Rate on Agronomic Characters and Yield of a New Wheat Variety Xinmai 296

以小麦新品种鑫麦296为试材,设置3个播种量处理,即100 kg/hm^2(A1)、116 kg/hm^2(A2)和130kg/hm^2(A3),研究其对鑫麦296农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明:随播种量增加,鑫麦296群体数量随之增加;干物质积累量,拔节到开花期A1、A2、A3处理表现出显著差异,且A2>A1>A3;叶面积指数越冬、返青、拔节、抽雄期均为A3>A2>A1,但灌浆期为A2>A3>A1;随播量增加,单位面积有效穗数增加,而成穗率、穗粒数和千粒重下降,穗长变短,产量和收获指数皆为A2最佳。综合分析,播种量为116 kg/hm^2处理的农艺性状最优,产量最高,达到7 820 kg/hm^2。因此,在黄淮海地区种植鑫麦296时,播种量以116 kg/hm^2为宜。

A new wheat variety Xinmai 296 was used as experimental material,and three seeding rates were set as 100 kg/hm^2（A1）,116 kg/hm^2（A2） and 130 kg/hm^2 to study the effects of seeding rate on its agronomic characters and yield. The results showed that the population of Xinmai 296 increased with the increase of seeding rate. The dry matter accumulation showed significant differences between the three treatments from jointing stage to flowering stage with a trend of A2 A1 A3. The leaf area index showed A3 A2 A1 during overwintering,turning green,jointing and tasseling stages,but A2 A3 A1 at grain filling stage.With the increase of seeding rate,the spike rate per hectare increased,but the spike rate,grain number per spike,1000-grain weight per spike and spike lenghth declined. The yield and harvest index were the best under A2 treatment. According to the comprehensive analysis,the agronomic traits were the best and the yield was the highest as 7 820 kg/hm^2 at the seeding rate of 116 kg/hm^2（A2）,therefore,116 kg/hm^2 was the optimal seeding rate for Xinmai 296 when planted in the Huang-Huai-Hai area.