高校实验室的工作场所隐喻与学习模式研究

Research on Metaphors and Learning modes of Workplace in University Laboratories

高校实验室蕴含着极为丰富的工作场所意义上的学习机会,能从工作识知性、人际互动性、身心连通性、利益连续性等方面促进教育—职业的转化,培养学生的核心素养和关键能力。用工作场所隐喻揭示实验室多样化的知识生产方式:培训室可以提供无形的学习场所,注重知识的获得与储存;车间任务环境隐含着学习要素,注重知识的激活与整合;作坊可以提供从学术共同体的边缘走向中心的空间,注重学习活动的社会化参与;服务工场是实验室内部学习者与外部来访者进行思维聚合的场所,注重知识的吸纳、转化与创新。四类隐喻分别对应四种学习模式,即培训模式、做中学模式、学徒制模式和项目模式。研究高校实验室的工作场所隐喻和学习模式,促使我们重新认识、理解和反思当前教育场所的学习活动,为改善和发展未来的实验教学提供参考。

Laboratories in universities contain extremely rich opportunities in the sense of workplace learning. They can play an important role in the transition from education to profession and the training of core quality and key competencies of students,through work-knowledge knowing,interpersonal interaction,physical and mental connectivity,and continuity of interests. Different workplace metaphors reveal diverse knowledge production modes of the laboratories： the training-room metaphor provides an intangible learning field and focuses on the acquisition and storage of knowledge; the workshop metaphor means task environment which has the learning elements and focus the activation and integration of knowledge; the mill metaphor provides paths from the edge of the academic community to the center,focusing on the socialization of learning activities; the service-manufactory metaphor means the laboratory is the place where the internal learners and the external visitors of the lab can think together and focus on the absorption,transformation and innovation of knowledge. Four kinds of metaphors correspond to four learning modes,namely the training,the learning by doing,the apprenticeship and the project model. The research urges us to know,understand and reflect on the current education-place learning activities and to improve and develop the experimental teaching in the future.