空间方位词“前”“后”的时间概念用法

Time Conceptual Usage of Spatial Orientation Words“in front of”and“behind”

"前"和"后"是一组基本的空间概念,在许多语言中,描述空间概念的词语都发生了向时间概念系统的隐喻。汉语对时间系统的表述也大量借用了表示空间概念意义的词语,其中"前""后"在与不同时段表述的对应过程中,呈现出错位和不对称的现象。通过对这些现象的描写和分析发现,错位和不对称现象的成因是人们认知角度和认知习惯的不同。

＂in front of＂and＂behind＂are a set of basic spatial concepts.In many languages,the words describing spatial concepts are metaphorically directed to the time system.The expression of time system in Chinese borrows a lot of words to express the meaning of spatial concept,in which＂in front of＂and ＂behind＂show dislocation and asymmetry in the corresponding process of different periods.Through the description and analysis of these phenomena,it is found that＂in front of＂and ＂behind＂are staggered correspondence and asymmetric distribution caused by the difference of the cognitive perspective and cognitive habits.