马克思劳动哲学视阈下的法律方法论

The Legal Methodology under the View of Marx's Labor Philosophy

马克思哲学的本体论是劳动本体论,其方法论是劳动辩证法,历史观是劳动历史观。马克思强调从劳动出发认识世界,在主体与客体的对立统一中认识世界,劳动历史观不是从物质出发把握社会,而是从物质生活资料生产实践即劳动出发认识社会,不是强调物质决定社会生活,而是强调物质生活资料生产实践即劳动决定社会生活。马克思在法律方法论上的革命不是将法律确定为精神现象,强调物质对精神的决定作用,而是强调物质生活资料生产实践即劳动是人最基本、最主要的社会实践活动,它决定其他社会实践活动,所以考察立法、执法、司法和守法等法律活动,要从物质生活资料生产实践即劳动出发,劳动是解开法律现象奥秘的金钥匙。

The ontology of Marx’s philosophy is labor ontology,its methodology is dialectics of labor and its historical view is the historical view of labor.Marx stresses to understand the world from the view of labor,and understand the world in the unity of opposites between subject and object;the historical view of labor does not grasp the essence of society through material,but from the production practice of material life known as labor,which does not emphasize that material determines social life,but stresses that the production practice of material life known as labor determines social life.The Marx revolution in legal methodology is not identifying law as a spiritual phenomenon,or emphasizing the decisive role of matter to spirit,but stresses that the practice of material life known as labor is the basic and main social practice,which determines other social activities;thus the review of legal activities as legislation,law enforcement,judiciary and law-abiding,should start from production practice of material life known as labor.Labor is the golden key to all mysteries of the legal phenomenon.