老年冠心病患者合并低血钾的原因分析及对策

Elderly patients with coronary heart disease causes of hypokalemia and countermeasures

目的调查老年冠心病患者低血钾的原因,并据此进行针对性护理。方法统计2015年11月至2016年8月在我科室住院的205例患者中,76名老年冠心病患者合并低血钾。结果76名老年冠心病合并低血钾者,腹泻者占10.53%、大量出汗者占9.21%、应用利尿剂者占35.53%、长期鼻饲者占9.21%、出汗合并利尿剂者占6.58%、腹泻合并利尿剂者占3.95%、腹泻合并出汗占2.63%,老年冠心病患者合并糖尿病者与非糖尿病者对比(P<0.005),低钾的风险更大。结论护理人员应了解老年冠心病患者发生低血钾的原因,合并糖尿病者更应该关注,及时给予对症补钾治疗,减少因低钾发生的不良后果。

Objective Investigation of patients with coronary heart disease causes hypokalemia,and accordingly targeted care. Methods Statistics from November 2015 to August 2016 in my department of 205 hospitalized patients,76 patients with coronary heart disease were hypokalemia. Results 76 coronary heart disease patients with hypokalemia,diarrhea accounted for 10. 53%,9. 21% accounted for a lot of sweating,diuretics accounted for 35. 53%,9. 21% accounted for the long-term nasogastric feeding, sweating,diuretics combined accounted for 6. 58%,diarrhea,diuretics combined accounted for 3. 95%,diarrhea,sweating combined accounted for 2. 63%,coronary heart disease patients with diabetes compared with nondiabetic patients（ P 〈 0. 005）,greater risk of low potassium. Conclusion Patients with coronary heart disease nurses should be aware of the causes of low potassium levels,who should be concerned about diabetes,potassium and timely given symptomatic treatment and reduce the occurrence of adverse consequences of hypokalemia.