初产妇配偶产后抑郁发生情况及其相关因素

The occurrence of postpartum depression and its related factors in the primary maternal spouse

目的探讨初产妇配偶产后抑郁(postpartum depression,PPD)发生情况及其相关因素,为其角色转化期的心理调适与心理指导提供参考。方法选取2017年1—10月在我院分娩的初产妇的配偶257名,采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(Edinburgh postnatal depression scale,EPDS)筛查抑郁状况,采取社会支持量表评估社会支持情况,采用自行设计的调查问卷收集一般资料。比较阳性人员与阴性人员相关影响因素的差异。结果257名中PPD筛查阳性21名,无业、对住房不满意、初产妇与公婆关系较差、新生儿患病和初产妇配偶患病,是PPD筛查阳性的危险因素(P<0.05)。年龄和文化程度比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PPD筛查阳性组在主观支持、客观支持以及社会支持总分方面低于阴性组(P<0.05);支持利用度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。提示主观支持、客观支持对PPD有影响。结论初产妇配偶PPD的发生率较高,其相关因素来自多方面,需要重点关注其社会支持情况和初产妇配偶、新生儿的患病情况,及时做好防控措施减少初产妇配偶产后抑郁的发生。

Objective To investigate the occurrence of postpartum depression（ PPD） and its related factors in primary maternal spouse,and to provide reference for psychological adjustment and psychological guidance during the role transition period. Methods a total of 257 spouses of new mothers who delivered in our hospital from January 2017 to October 2017 were selected to use the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale（ EPDS） to screen the depression conditions. Social support scales were used to assess social support and self-designed surveys questionnaires were used to collect general information. The differences between the positive and negative person-related factors were compared. Results Among the 257 patients,there were 21 patients with positive PPD screening. The unemployment,unsatisfied with housing,poor relationships between primipara and parents-in-law,neonatal illness,and unipara spouse＇s illness were risk factors for positive PPD screening（ P〈0. 05）. There was no statistically significant difference in age and education（ P〉0. 05）.The PPD screening positive group was lower than the negative group in terms of subjective support,objective support,and total social support（ P〈0. 05）.The support utilization was not statistically significant（ P〉0. 05）. It is suggested that subjective support and objective support had an impact on PPD. Conclusion The prevalence of PPD in primary maternal spouses is high. The relevant factors come from many aspects. It is necessary to pay special attention to their social support and the prevalence of maternal spouse and newborns,and do a good job of prevention and control measures to reduce the postpartum depression of the new mother＇s spouse.