萨特与马克思主义

Sartre and Marxism

萨特认为存在主义与马克思主义有着紧密的联系,他承认自己的存在主义受到了马克思主义的影响,但又否认自己是一名马克思主义者。萨特指出在人的本质这一问题上马克思主义过多地关注了人的群体性、社会性而忽略了个体性。在异化问题上,萨特认为异化具有普遍性,它不仅仅存在于商品经济中,每个历史时期都存在着异化,它来自于稀有。萨特试图将存在主义与马克思主义相整合,然而事实上这两种哲学之间存在着不可调和的矛盾。

Sartre believes that the Existentialism has a close connection with Marxism, and he admits that his Existentialism is influenced by Marxism, but denies that he is a Marxist. Sartre points out that Marxism paid too much attention to the group and social nature of human beings, but neglected individual character. On the issue of alienation, Sartre believes that alienation is universal. It not only exists in the commodity economy, but also exists in every historical period. It comes from rarity. Sartre tries to integrate Existentialism with Marxism, but in fact there is an irreconcilable contradiction between the two philosophies.