基于DEMATEL方法的建设项目BIM应用风险因素研究

An Analysis of BIM Construction Project Risks Using the DEMATEL Model

BIM作为建筑信息集成管理平台,现今已被广泛应用于国际建筑市场上,正推动建筑行业进行史无前例的改革.然而,在建设项目中BIM技术的应用仍面临着法律政策、行业、组织管理、技术、经济和人力资源等多方面的风险.本文通过文献综述整理归纳出风险因素,基于DEMATEL方法辨析BIM应用风险的主要影响因素和分析各因素间的因果关系.从中心度可得出,BIM应用最主要的风险因素是企业的投资收益不确定性,而原因度可得出主要因素是BIM标准和指南缺陷,缺乏国产的BIM软件.最后为降低BIM应用风险,提出了完善BIM标准和制定应用指南,加强BIM技术研发和BIM合同管理,制定业务流程,组建BIM专业团队等有针对性的建议.

As an advanced integration management platform of building information, BIM has been widely used in the international construction market, and is promoting unprecedented reforms in the construction industry.However, there are still many risks involved in the application of BIM technology in construction projects, such as legal and policy risks, industry risks, organization management risks, technology risks, economy risks, etc. Based on previous studies, the risks are summarized, and the main influential factors of BIM application risks and the causal relationship between different factors are analyzed depending on DEMATEL method. On one hand, a conclusion is drawn that most risks of BIM application lie in the investment income uncertainty of the enterprise from the centrality aspect. On the other hand, it can be concluded that the main factors from the reason degree are the BIM standard, guide defect and lack of domestic BIM software. Finally, some suggestions are provided to reduce the risks of BIM application, such as perfecting the BIM standards and application guidelines, strengthening the BIM technology research and development, improving the BIM contract management and business process,and building BIM professional team, etc.