核电环境风险研究进展及管理启示

Research Progress of Environmental Risk of Nuclear Power and Its Implication for Nuclear Power Risk Management

为满足快速增长的电力需求,缓解传统化石能源紧缺及其所伴随的大气污染问题,发电过程中几乎不产生常规大气污染物的核电逐渐成为我国重要的能源战略选择。但是,由于核电站在运行过程中,特别是发生重大核事故时,产生的放射性物质可能对健康造成负面影响,发展核电仍然存在较大的争议和阻力。在此背景下,需要构建科学、完善的核电风险评估与管理体系,以保障我国的核电行业健康、有序发展。在对国内外核电风险评估研究现状进行系统梳理的基础上,分析其对核电风险管理的意义,提出了我国未来构建核电风险评估与管理体系的建议。

In order to meet the rapidly increasing demand for electricity, ease the shortage of traditional fossil fuels and the air pollution that accompanies them, nuclear power, which generate little conventional atmospheric pollutants, has gradually become an important strategic choice in China. However, because it will release radioactive substances, which will do harm to health, especially in the event of a severe accident, there is still much controversy over the development of nuclear power. Under this background, we need to build a scientific nuclear power risk assessment and management system to ensure the healthy and orderly development of China＇s nuclear power industry. Based on the systematic review of the nuclear power risk assessment at home and abroad, this study analyzes its significance to nuclear power risk management and puts forward some suggestions on how to build a nuclear power risk assessment and management system in the future.