2015～2017年上海市黄浦区市售动物食品寄生虫感染情况调查

Investigation on the animal foods contaminated with parasites in markets in Huangpu District of Shanghai from 2015 to 2017

目的了解上海市黄浦区市售食品中食源性寄生虫感染状况,为制订食品安全策略提供依据。方法 2015～2017年对上海市黄浦区部分农贸市场和超市的淡水类水产品、海水类水产品、肉类、贝类、牛蛙等食品,分别采用消化法、压片法、剖检法和PCR方法检测寄生虫囊蚴、幼虫和DNA。结果共检测各类淡水类产品14种271尾(份),华支睾吸虫囊蚴、东方次睾吸虫囊蚴、棘颚口线虫、并殖吸虫囊蚴感染率均为0,腌制黄泥螺棘口吸虫囊蚴感染率为90.91%;检测海鱼27种684尾,有11种海鱼感染异尖线虫,其中小黄鱼、白姑鱼、带鱼、鲐鱼感染较高,感染率分别为80.72%、64.71%、50.00%、40.00%;检测猪肉样品33份,牛肉样品25份,未检出刚地弓形虫、旋毛虫、猪带绦虫和牛带绦虫;检测螺56份,未检出广州管圆线虫;检测牛蛙29只,未检出曼氏迭宫绦虫裂头蚴。结论上海市黄浦区部分食品受到寄生虫感染,主要是海鱼感染异尖线虫,今后必须继续开展食品卫生宣教工作,提高群众的自我防护意识。

Objective To understand the contamination status of market foods with parasites in Huangpu District of Shanghai,China,for evidence in planning measures to ensure food security. Methods Between 2015 and 2017,we conducted a survey on the freshwater fish products,marine products,meat and bullfrogs available in the food markets and supermarkets in Huangpu District of Shanghai. All samples were subjected to detection of the metacercariae,larvae and DNA by digestion,crushing,or dissection method and PCR. Results A total of 271 specimens from 14 species of freshwater fish products were screened. The infection rate was zero for Clonorchis sinensis,Metorchis orientalis,Gnathostoma spinigerum and Paragonimus,yet was 90. 91% for metacercariae of Echinostoma in the pickled say＇s paper-bubble. About 684 fish specimens were detected in 27 species of seawater products,and the results revealed that 11 species were infected with Anisakis spp,with which infection was 80. 72%,64. 71%,50. 00% and 40. 00% for Pseudosciaena polyactis,white croaker,Trichiurus haumela and Pneumatophorus japonicas,respectively. Toxoplasma gondii,Trichinella spiralis,Taenia solium and Taenia saginata were not found in the 33 pork specimens and 25 beef specimens. No Angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae and Spirometra mansoni spargana were found in the 56 specimens of snail 29 specimens of Rana catesbiana. Conclusion Some foods available in the markets in Huangpu District of Shanghai are infected with parasites,particular sea fish infection with Anisakis spp. The results suggest that health education on food safety should be enhanced in following work in order to improve the awareness of the public in food hygiene.