2013～2017年铜陵市输入性疟疾病例流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis on the cases of imported malaria in Tongling city from 2013 to 2017

目的系统分析铜陵市2013～2017年输人性疟疾病例基本状况、诊疗情况及转归,掌握其流行病学特征。方法采用回顾性分析方法,将铜陵市2013～2017年输入性疟疾病例流行病学调查资料、个案调查表及相关信息资料,对境外输入性病例的虫种、来源、人群分布、地区分布、发病及诊治情况等进行描述性分析。结果铜陵市2013～2017年报告输入性疟疾病例24例,恶性疟占17例;病例来源地均为非洲地区;病例自归国到发病时间最短3天、最长178天,中位数7天;自发病到确诊最短1天、最长33天,中位数3天;所有输入性疟疾病例均得到规范性治疗。结论非洲高疟区以恶性疟为主,其病情凶险,若延误诊治易形成不良后果;控制输入性疟疾,应加强部门合作、高危人群监测等干预机制。

Objective To systematically analyze the epidemiological characteristics,diagnosis and outcomes of treatment of imported malaria in Tongling city from 2013 to 2017. Methods Cases of imported malaria were collected from the database in Tongling area from 2013 to 2017,and retrospectively analyzed concerning the species of plasmodium,infection sources,population and regional distribution,regional distribution,course of disease attack,diagnosis and treatment. Results A total of 24 cases of imported malaria were reported in Tongling city between 2013 and2017. Of which,in which 17 cases were falciparum malaria,All cases were imported from African countries. The shortest time of disease attack after returning was 3 days,and the longest 178 days,with median days of 7. The shortest time from onset to diagnosis was 1 day,and the longest were 33 days. The median days were 3. All patients received standardized treatment. Conclusion Falciparum malaria remains the highest prevalence in African countries,and is pernicious. Delayed diagnosis and treatment can lead to complicated condition. Control of the imported malaria should be based on cooperation from individual administration and strengthened monitoring over and intervention of the subjects with high risks.