基于MTO边际生产成本受需求波动影响的供应链的协调模型

Coordination of a MTO Supply Chain with Marginal Production Costs Influenced by Demand Disruption

在商品市场中,需求不仅敏感于价格,同时也会受一些偶然因素而发生波动.在面向订单生产环境下,产品的边际生产成本常常会受需求波动的干扰.本文以单制造商和单零售商组成的二级供应链为研究对象,在面向订单生产环境下,讨论边际生产成本受需求波动干扰的供应链的协调问题.首先,在集中决策和分散决策的情况下,给出了产品的最优零售价格.然后,在集中决策情况下,以供应链的最大利润为目标,提出了合理有效的协调契约,既实现了供应链的最大利润为目标,又确保供应链的成员利润都是Pareto最优.最后,通过数值算例刻画了前文已经取得解析结果.

In the commodity market, demands not only are sensitive to price, but also are disrupted by some haphazard factors, such as the financial crisis, the new tax policy, the promotion of substitutable products, and so on. In the make-to-order setting, marginal production costs usually are imposed considerable deviation due to demand disruption. In this paper, the coordination of a make-to-order supply chain is discussed where marginal production costs are imposed deviation due to demand disruption. At first, the optimal retail prices for the centralized supply chain and the decentralized one, respectively. Then, setting the maximum profit of centralized supply chain as the target, a reasonable and effective coordination contract is proposed which can achieve the target and realize Pareto optimization for the profits of the supply chain members, simultaneously. At last, the analytic results which have been obtained above are described by a numerical study.