基于事故树安全分析的化工反应罐结构改进研究

Study on structure improvement of chemical reaction tank based on fault tree safety analysis

为了研究化工反应罐压力异常升高导致爆炸事故的影响因素,通过事故树安全分析法,找出影响因素并进行结构重要度排序,其中,温度监控未及时反馈、搅拌效果差和罐体未清洗干净位于前三;基于事故树安全分析结果,对化工反应罐的结构进行改进优化。研究结果表明:把温度计镶嵌在罐体内壁底部,用导线与温度显示器连接,温度显示器固定在夹套侧壁上,便于进行温度实时监控;安装清洗装置在罐体上盖对使用后的罐体进行冲洗,便于提高清洗效率;改善搅拌装置对罐体内部物料的搅拌效果,便于物料的高效反应并及时散热,减少事故的发生。

To study the influence factors of the explosion accident caused by the abnormal increase of pressure in the chemical reaction tank,the influence factors were found out and sorted according to the structural importance based on the fault tree safety analysis method. Among which,the temperature monitoring without feedback in time,the poor agitation effect and the incompletely cleaning of tank were the top three reasons. The structure of chemical reaction tank was optimized based on the results of fault tree safety analysis. It showed that embedding the thermometer at the bottom of the tank＇s internal wall and connecting it to the temperature indicator with the wires,and fixing the temperature indicator on the side wall of jacket are convenient for carrying out the real-time monitoring of temperature. Installing the cleaning device on the top cover of tank to clean the tank after use is convenient for improving the cleansing efficiency. Improving the agitation effect of the agitation device on the materials inside the tank is convenient for the efficient reaction of the materials and the timely heat dissipation,so as to reduce the occurrence of safety accidents.