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全麻和硬膜外阻滞对老年患者术后认知功能障碍的影响对比 被引量:2

Comparison of the Effects of General Anesthesia and Epidural Block on Postoperative Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Patients
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摘要 目的探讨硬膜外阻滞与全身麻醉对老年患者术后认知功能障碍(POCD)的影响。方法选择2012年6月~2014年6月在我院行骨科手术的60例老年患者,根据随机数字表分为两组,观察组(n=30例)选择硬膜外阻滞,对照组(n=30)选择全身麻醉,比较两组的临床资料、手术前后的生理体征指标、简易智能精神状况检查量表(MMSE)及术后的POCD发生率。结果 (1)两组老年患者在性别、年龄、体重、受教育年限、手术部位、手术时间、麻醉时间、液体出入量等临床资料方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。(2)两组老年患者在麻醉前、手术开始前、手术30min、手术过程中、手术结束时等时间点的心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)观察组手术后1d、3d的MMSE评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他时间点的MMSE评分组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(4)观察组手术后1d的POCD发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他时间点的POCD发生率组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论硬膜外阻滞对老年患者术后认知功能的影响小于全麻。因此,麻醉师在充分考虑患者自身条件后,若无特殊情况,可尽量选择硬膜外阻滞。
出处 《现代诊断与治疗》 CAS 2018年第1期10-12,共3页 Modern Diagnosis and Treatment
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