蜕皮激素对大麦虫化蛹的影响

Effects of Zophobas atratus Pupation on Feeding Ecdysone

为了解决生产中大麦虫(Zophobas atratus Fab.)化蛹时间不集中以及化蛹率低等问题,测定了3种蜕皮激素添加方式对不同体型大麦虫幼虫的化蛹时间、化蛹数量、预蛹率、化蛹率、平均蛹质量、羽化率和成虫体质量的影响。结果表明:混合使用昆虫蜕皮激素原粉与每天喷洒蜕皮激素稀释液相结合的方法(试验III)效果最好,可以显著缩短集中化蛹时间,大麦虫幼虫的预蛹率、化蛹数量、化蛹率、最大蛹质量、最小蛹质量、平均蛹质量以及成虫羽化时间、羽化率均高于其他2种蜕皮激素的添加方法(P<0.05)。方法 III中分组3的预蛹率最高,均值87.4%;化蛹数量最多,均值78.7头;化蛹率87%;最大蛹质量、最小蛹质量和平均蛹质量均最大,均值分别为856.7、606.7、693.3 mg。因此,在人工饲养大麦虫作为替代寄主化蛹时,选择体质量在0.65~0.80 g的幼虫按照方法III添加蜕皮激素,能显著缩短集中化蛹时间,提高化蛹率和蛹质量。

In order to solve the problems of Zophobas atratus production,such as low pupation rate,pupation time not concentrated,with the feeding ecdysone for Z. atratus larva,we studied the effects among the three different test methods and three different Z. atratus larva weight,analyzed the effects of pupation period,pupation quantity,pre pupa rate,pupation rate,average pupa weight,emergence rate and adult weight. There would be a good result of the method III. The concentrated pupation period would be shortened. And pre pupa rate,number of pupation,pupation rate,the maximum pupa weight,the minimum average pupa weight,average pupa weight,adult emergence time and adult emergence rate were all higher than the other two methods（ P〈 0. 05）. The three group of method III would be the highest pre pupa rate with the mean of 87.4%. And the largest number of pupation is with the mean of 78.7,the highest pupation rate mean was 87%,and the largest maximum minimum pupa weight,pupa weight and average pupa weight were 856.7,606.7 and 693.3 mg in mean,respectively. Therefore,the larvae body mass of 0.65-0.80 g of method III would significantly reduce the concentration pupation time,increase pupation rate and advance the quality of pupa.