层流边界层的直观模型

An Intuitive Model for Laminar Boundary Layer

在流体力学中,边界层的概念十分重要。首先用近似方法给出无限长边界处速度扰动在半空间流体中的一维传播定性规律,在此基础上通过引入层流边界层的直观模型,仅通过运动学角度的几何分析,给出了层流边界层的形成及厚度演化过程的直观描述,并总结了平板层流边界层形成的物理及几何条件。

The concept of boundary layer is very important in fluid mechanics. In this paper, we first presented a qualitative solution of one-dimensional propagation of the velocity perturbation introduced at the infinite boundary of half-space fluid by an approximation method. Based on this qualitative solution, an intuitive model of the laminar boundary layer on a flat plate was introduced. In this intuitive model, the formation of the laminar boundary layer and its thickness evolution can be depicted by a simple geometric description of the kinematics of a fluid surface, and the physical and geometric conditions of the formation of the laminar boundary layer is also evident.