“一带一路”之国际投资条约中公平与公正待遇标准的新发展——以White Industries v. India案为例

New Developments of Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard in International Investment Treaties under “the Belt and Road Initiative”——From the Perspective of White Industries v. India case

公平公正待遇(FET)是外资待遇原则的重要组成部分,由于该条款本身措辞的概括抽象特点,目前已成为最具争议的条款之一。随着"一带一路"倡议的实施,FET在国际范围内也出现了新的发展趋势:其适用范围逐渐限缩、内容逐渐具体化、适用例外的规定以及与国际最低待遇标准相联系等。考虑到我国与"一带一路"国家签订的双边投资协定(BIT)中FET条款的规定措辞笼统、可仲裁范围宽泛、缺少限制性规定等现实情况,一旦发生争端,很可能将陷入不利局面。基于此本文分析中国与"一带一路"国家签订的双边投资条约中FET中存在的潜在风险,探析FET的作用与地位进而提出完善的法律思考。

The fair and equitable treatment（FET） is an important component of the principle of foreign investment treatment,which has become one of the most controversial clauses because of the abstract characteristics of this term.With the implementation of ＂the Belt and Road＂ initiative, there are new development trends of FET： its applicable scopes have been limited, contents have been embodied, exceptions have been stipulated and associated with the international minimum treatment standard, etc. Considering the bilateral investment treaties（BIT） among ＂the Belt and Road＂ countries, the scope of FET is broad, lack of restrictions and the tribunal has broad jurisdiction, etc. This article analyses the defects and loopholes of FET standard provisions of ＂the Belt and Road＂ countries’ BITs as well as risks China would be confronted. Base on that, the article makes some recommendations to improve FET and its relevant provisions.