喷灌条件下茶园土壤肥力与茶叶品质指标

Soil fertility and tea quality of tea plantation under sprinkler irrigation

在喷灌条件下水分调控的基础上,采用田间试验研究了茶园土壤肥力指标(包括土壤氮素、土壤温度)与茶叶品质指标(包括氨基酸、茶多酚)的动态变化规律.研究结果表明,喷灌条件下茶园表层土壤总氮(TN)质量比最高,随着土层深度的增加,TN质量比呈递减趋势,喷灌处理各土层TN质量比略高于常规处理,速效氮质量比变化呈现与TN质量比变化相同趋势,对比常规处理,喷灌处理各土层土壤TN平均质量比增加3.3%~22.2%,速效氮平均质量比增加7.1%~24.7%;喷灌处理表层土壤与20 cm土层土壤温度均高于常规处理,表层土壤温度在5:00最低,比常规处理提前1 h,在14:00最高,与常规处理同步,20 cm土层土壤温度在8:00最低,比常规提前2 h,在17:00最高,比常规处理提前近2 h;此外,氨基酸质量比变化呈现出先降低后增加的趋势,茶多酚质量比变化呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,喷灌处理氨基酸、茶多酚质量比均高于常规处理,氨基酸质量比提高12.21%,茶多酚质量比提高17.03%.

Based on the regulation of water under sprinkler irrigation,field experiments were conducted to investigate the tea soil fertility index（ including soil nitrogen,soil temperature） and tea quality indexes（ including amino acid,tea polyphenol） dynamic changes. The results show that total nitrogen（ TN） in surface soil layer under sprinkler irrigation is the highest. With the increase of soil depth,TN content decreases,and TN content of sprinkler irrigation treatment is slightly higher than that of the conventional treatment. Changes of available nitrogen content present the same trend as TN content.Compared with the conventional irrigation treatment,the average content of soil TN increases by 3. 3%-22. 2%,and the average content of available nitrogen increased by 7. 1%-24. 7% under the sprinkler irrigation treatment. Moreover,soil temperatures in surface soil layer and 20 cm soil layer of the sprinkler irrigation treatment are both higher than those of the conventional treatment. For surface soillayer,the soil temperature is lowest at 5： 00,1 hour in advance compared to the conventional treatment,and highest at 14： 00,synchronized with the conventional treatment. For 20 cm soil layer,the soil temperature is lowest at 8： 00,2 hours in advance compared to the conventional treatment,and it is highest at 17： 00,nearly 2 hours in advance compared to the conventional treatment. In addition,the content of amino acids decreases first and then increases,while the tea polyphenol content increases first and then decreases. Both the contents of amino acid and tea polyphenol of the sprinkler irrigation treatment are higher than those of the conventional treatment. Compared to the conventional treatment,the content of amino acid increases by 12. 21% and that of tea polyphenol increases by 17. 03%under the sprinkler irrigation treatment.