不平衡矛盾与一分为二--巴迪欧论毛泽东的《矛盾论》

Unbalanced Contradiction and Dichotomy: Alain Badiou's Perception of Mao Ze-dong's On Contradiction

巴迪欧认为,正是毛泽东的矛盾理论,让他可以在今天重构马克思主义的唯物辩证法。在《矛盾论》中,毛泽东强调了矛盾的不平衡性,从而彻底摧毁了西方马克思主义中的唯心主义残余,而矛盾的不平衡性意味着现实是一种由多种矛盾制约的过程,这个过程实际上是无解的,为了超越这个矛盾过程,在巴迪欧看来,就必须抛弃合二而一的思维,将毛泽东的一分为二的辩证法作为思考现实社会和革命斗争的唯一理论武器,在一分为二的辩证法指引下,主体从众多矛盾中决定什么是主要矛盾,什么是次要矛盾,从而为走向一个史无前例的新未来社会开辟了一条道路。

Alain Badiou asserts that it is Mao Ze-dong's On Contradiction On Contradiction thoroughly destructs the residue of idealism in Western Marxism while the unbalancedness of contradiction implies that reality is a process constrained by avariety of contradictions. And there is no solution to it. In Alain Badiou's view, to transcend the process of contradictions, we must abandon the intention ofreconciling the two conflicting aspects of contradiction. Instead, we should take Mao Ze-dong's dichotomous dialectics as the sole theoretical weapon forpondering on the issues of real society and revolutionary struggle. Under the guidance of Mao's dialectics, subjects would decide upon major and secondary contradictions among numerous ones, and consequently opens a way for an unprecedented new society in the future.